Hard-coded segmentation

I suspect we'd need much longer battles for dynamic weighting to ever out-perform hand-tuned weights. I'm not even sure enemy behavior has a non-negligible impact on the optimal weights, as we generally assume. Has anyone proven a certain set of weights to be optimal against one bot, and a different set optimal against another, beyond margin of error, in gun or movement?

I don't know if that's been proved either. However, just the way that stats are gathered combined with robocode physics are going to make some weights more relevant than others.

Of course, I can choose two different bots that I know will be optimal with different kNN weights. Think a surfer vs a random-movement bot, and the weight of the rolling average between them. Or a bot that bounces off walls, and the effect of a wall-distance attribute vs a bot that smooths against walls.

The best would probably be to have multiple weighting sets, and the gun chooses the one with the highest hitrate, or possibly with some classifier.

I don't know that a surfer vs random movement would have different optimal weights. :-) But yes, SpinBot and DrussGT have pretty different movement profiles. I don't doubt they have different optimal weights. But I still might be wrong, and that's why we have science. :-)

Choosing among multiple weightings would mean a performance hit similar to adding Virtual Guns. So it's important to figure out how much of an impact sub-optimal weightings have in the first place. I've always thought we were fairly non-scientifically rigorous around here with some of this kind of stuff. It might be fun to try to do some rigorous testing. Actually that's one of the first ideas in a while that gets me excited about doing some more actual Robocoding.

Adding virtual guns is the easiest way I see to select between multiple weight sets in guns. Also the slowest.

In movement, it is trickier. Maybe 2 weight sets, one for wave surfing and one for flattener.

When tuning, use a different population for each set of weights.

I have actually been working for awhile to find a set of gun weights that is both highly efficient against both surfers and random movers, the same with a single set for movement to be good against both Statistical, kNN and Pattern Matching targeting. Since my most recent bots I eschew the use of Flatteners and Virtual Guns. Obviously I did okay coming in number 7 in the rumble, but I feel there is still room for improvement.

Though I really do think there are different optimal weights for different enemies, but there might be a set that does well against all enemies (if not optimally).

A single set that does ok against everyone is what is already calculated with genetic tuning against the whole population at once.

Well, that brings up the question of what one exactly means by "highly efficient against both", or to put it another way, how one scores the individuals in the genetic tuning.

The most common way to interpret it may be optimizing for APS, but that will tend to give very little weight being "highly efficient against surfers". Another way to interpret is optimizing the win percentage. In my mind the phrase "highly efficient against both" would imply optimizing with a scoring system that divides the population into "surfers" and "non-surfers" giving roughly equal weight to them, but the phrase is a bit vague.

Giving equal weight to surfers and non-surfers will hurt APS ranking. But may increase PL ranking.

If multi-objective optimization is being done, than surfers and non-surfers can be separated in distinct objectives. The output will be many different sets of weights, with different compromises between surfers and non-surfers, although all of them Pareto efficient.

Many people seem to be talking about adding different sets of weights in the form of a set of virtual guns, each with a separate kD-Tree. It seems you could dynamically change them if you didn't weight your predictors when putting them into the kD-Tree, but included the weights in the distance function. I don't know if this would reduce the efficiency of the tree, but its probably faster than running one kD-Tree for each set of weights. Also, it would allow you to constantly change your weights. This might be useful when surfing as if you notice that the opponent is using a high data decay rate (hitting you a lot) you could slow down your own data decay rate to make you less vulnerable to their antisurfer targeting.

This has been done a few times in the past. Various kD-Tree implementations have support for dynamically setting weightings for the distance function.

IIRC Diamond is one example of a bot that makes use of this feature of the kD-Tree implementation, though I think it does still use a pre-defined list rather than dynamic tweaking.

IIRC there have been experiments in dynamic weight tweaking but I'm not sure how successful they've been off hand.

Yeah I just modified Skilgannon's kD-Tree to support changing of weights, though I am not using the feature yet. It also seems like you could speed up having two virtual guns (Antisurfer, Antirandom) by using just one tree and using a different weighting for each. Here's something to think about: if a flattening system is using the same data decay as the targeting system trying to hit it, it should get a very good dodging rate. So how do you figure out how much weight they are giving recent results and adapt your weights to match it, and you should dodge almost everything.

Data decay (time classification) is one of many classifications in k-NN search. You need to mirror all of them to achieve perfect dodging.

You need a lot more data than is available to estimate all weights, unless you want to get shot a lot.

I believe multiple people have noted that the weight on new vs old data is significantly more important than weights on other predictors.(In a gun) I believe Skilgannon said something along the lines of: I can change the weights by tenfold (except the one on shots fired) and I get very little difference in performance. So if you could match that weight in your flattener, you could (hopefully) get very low hitrates against you.

I was referring to hard-coded bins, not hard-coded weights. Although Combat also uses runtime std. dev. based weights.

Tuning against a known population is clearly stronger than runtime estimation of std. dev. It would only be weaker if the population was constantly changing.

But having different sets of weights for different opponents seems to have potential. Forward speed is more important against rammers than wall distance. The opposite is true for non-rammers. But selecting which set is optimal against each opponent is tricky without hard-coding opponents names.

What type of distinction between bins and weights do you mean? They can have very similar effects, especially when using an interpolated VCS method. I tend to look at traditional VCS bins and kNN search w/ weightings as having a similar effect in the end, with the primary difference being that one has what is effectively a Math.Round() call in the transfer function of each dimension.

I posted that a long time ago. Only long after I learned the close relationship between bins, k-NN and kernel density.